Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə] (listen) or [ˈniːtsʃə]; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favor of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life …
Friedrich Nietzsche
Author details
- Aliases:
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Fridrikh Nit︠s︡she, Friedrich Nietszche, Fridrikh Nitt︠s︡she, and 176 others
Phr Nitse, Φρειδερικος Νιτσε, Фридрих Ниче, Fr Nietzsche, Nietztsche, פרידריך וילהלם ניטשע, Fulidlixi Nicai, 尼采, פרידריך וילהלם ניעטצשע, نطشے, Fr Nicše, Fryd Nietzsche, Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīče, Nicai, Frīdrish Nītshah, Frydrichas Nyčė, Federico Nietzsche, Ф. В Ницше, פריעדריך ניעטצשע, Frīdrīš Nīča, Fridericus Nietzsche, ഫ്രീഡ്രിക്ക് നീച്ച, Fridrih Wilhelm Niče, نيتشه، فريدريك, Фридрих Ницше, פרידריך וילהלם ניצ'שה, F.・W. ニーチェ, F. Nietzsche, फ्रेडरिक नीत्शे, Фрыдрых Ніцшэ, فريدريك نيتشه, Friedrich Nietzsche Wilhelm, Phreideriku Nitse, Фрыдрых Вільгельм Ніцшэ, Frīdrīš Wīlhilm Nīča, פרידריך וילהלם ניטשה, Friedrich Nietzche, ফ্রিড্রিশ নিচে, Fridrix Nic'še, Fridrikh Niettsshe, ฟรีดริช นีทเชอ, Fridrikh Nitsʻchʻē, F. Nicše, P'ŭridŭrihi Nich'e, Frédéric Nietzsche, 弗里德里希 尼采, Frīdrėks Nīčė, פרידריך ניצי׳שה, Kapreṭarik Villiyam Nīṭsē, نيتشه، فريدريش فيلهيلم،, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, פרידריך ניצשה, Furīdorihhi Viruherumu Nīche, Fridrich Nicše, फ्रीडरिक नित्ची, Nitče, Friedrich Nietzsche, Nīche, பிரீட்ரிக் நீட்சே, Nietche, פרידריך וילהלם ניטצשה, Fridirīk Nīča, Federico Nietzche, פרידריך ניטשה, Fridrish Nitshah, Fridrikh Niṭshah, Ni cai, Фридрих Нитче, Frīdrīš Nītša, Frederich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Фридрих Нитше, Fridrihs Vilhelms Nīče, Friederich Nietzsche, Frīdrīk Nītših, Vilhelms Frīdrihs Nīče, ニイチェ, פרידריך וילהלם ניצ'ה, Fulidelixi-Nicai, Firidrik Nitshih, فرېدرېک وېلهېلم نېتشي, Niṭsheh, Friedrich Nicše, フリードリッヒ・ヴィルヘルム ニーチェ, Φρειδερίκος Νίτσε, Ф Ницше, فريدريش نيتشه،, Fridrihs Nīče, نيتشه، فريدريك،, فریدریش نیچە, F Nit︠s︡he, Nitsi, Vilhelms Nīče, 尼采弗里德里希, Фр Ницше, Ֆրիդրիխ Նիցշե, Fridirch Niče, 프리드리히 니체, Phrēntrich Nitse, .. Nietzsche, פרידריך וילהלם ניטצשע, Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīcše, Фрідріх Ніцше, Niche, Frederico Nietzsche, ニーチェ, フリードリヒ ニーチェ, Bedřich Nietzsche, Fr Niṭshe, Fu li de li xi Ni cai, פרידריך ניצ'ה, Friedrich G. Nietzsche, F. W. Nīche, Firīdrīk Nītshih, نىتسى, ფრიდრიხ ნიცშე, פריעדריך ניטשע, ኒሺ, Ni-tsʻai, にいちえ, Phreiderikos Nitse, Fridrikh Nitche, F. Nitše, フリ-ドリッヒ ヴィルヘルム ニーチェ, Freiderikos Nitse, Frideríkos Nítse, Fridrix Nitsşe, Нитче, فریدریش نیچه, F. Nit︠s︡he, פרידריך ניצשע, Ницше, فريدريك نيتشه،, Nicše, Frīdirīš Nītšh, Нитцше, Frydrych Nicšė, Fridrich Niče, Nietzsche, Nietzsche Friedrich, Fridrih Nitče, Frīdriš Nītših, פרידריך ניטשע, F. Niezsche, Niichʻe, Friedrikh Niṭshe, ניטשע פריעדריך, Furīdorihi Nīche, Nitse, Фридрих Вильгельм Ницше, فريدرخ نيتشه, Frīdriš Nītše, フリードリヒ・ニーチェ, Fridericus N, Fridrich Nitcše, Friedrich Nietsche, Freiderikou Nitse, ניטשה, F. Nīche, フリードリッヒ ニーチェ, Frīdrihs Nīče, K̲apreṭarik Villiyam Nīṭṣē, Phrintrich Nitse, F. Nits︠h︡e, Frederic Nietzsche, フリードリヒ・W. ニーチェ, Nīṭjhśe, Frîdrîk Nîtşe, نيتشه، فريدرخ،, Friedrich W. Nietzsche, Fidirix Wilihlim Netzi, Нитше, Fridrih Niče, Federico G. Nietzsche, 弗里德里希·尼采, Fryderyk Nietzsche, ਫਰੈਦਰੀਕ ਨੀਤਜ਼ੇ - Born:
- Oct. 15, 1844
- Died:
- Aug. 25, 1900
External links
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə] (listen) or [ˈniːtsʃə]; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favor of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterization of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the Übermensch and the doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from figures such as Socrates, Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. After his death, his sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology while often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism; 20th-century scholars contested this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th and early-21st century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, psychology, politics, and popular culture.
