#fungi

See tagged statuses in the local Gatti Ninja community

Complex began to develop earlier, and over a longer span of time, than previously believed.

Nee findings indicate that complex organisms evolved long before there were substantial levels of in the , something which had previously been considered a prerequisite to the of complex life.

The is approximately 4.5 billion years old, with the first life forms appearing over 4 billion years ago.

These organisms consisted of two groups – and the distinct but related , collectively known as .

Prokaryotes were the only form of life on earth for hundreds of millions of years, until more complex eukaryotic cells including organisms such as , , and evolved.

Previous ideas on how and when early prokaryotes transformed into complex

The genetic prison that traps a ghost plant https://botany.one/2025/06/the-genetic-prison-that-traps-a-ghost-plant/ paper: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pei3.70060

"M. humile gets energy from ... Even though they don’t photosynthesise, ghost still have leaves... it must have a flower to attract the & get pollinated. But this leads to a genetic problem. The petals and sepals are specialised forms of leaf. Some of the genes that shape the petals and sepals also work on the ghost plant’s leaves... Without the leaves there is no flower."